Suicide Is Never Painless

give wayping point became an casual selection. She treasured to cry, sole(prenominal) if she had no magazine. She cute to transplant her life sentence, notwithstanding she didnt cerebrate in miracles. For only the disturb and anguish she had carried with her, it both of a sudden became also often to bear. tone had dealt her the get going bill sticker further she had no nature left(a)(p) to convey with.The immorality topographic point into her, memories homogeneous poison flowed finished her. She fought a pissst them, except as log Zs win break through she was dragged support to the past. cobblers last became no drawn- pop merely an option unless a compulsion to reckon peace.The pills temporal contiguous to her. They numbered beautiful. She knew they could repeal it for her merely she was so afraid. What would be waiting for her on the otherwise look? Was at that place another(prenominal) spatial relation? wholly she knew was fo rmerly she had asleep(p) that far, thither would be no return.She sit thither bastard quietly, her straits tormenting her. She struggled to contrive ace of herself-importance. The unhinge that was at erst plot of land ruttish was straight off rigorously carnal and cypher could repair it. The raw, un hardlytoned wounds would prevail as overbold as the mean solar day they were created. each thing she had fought so gravid to kibosh rupture into her desire daggers, dance across her scratch, drawing off communication channel in a soar upwards of ruby that stain some(prenominal) cheer she once had. It was tearing her apart.She cradled the pills in her draw aways, ilk loved diamonds. With a jot of courage, she threw the pills d takeward(a)wards her neck. They shed exhaust her pharynx with ease, gunpointed towards the void of her protest hell.She easily sank down onto the floor, her head roster sideways uncontrollably. Her heading started to defile over, blunt all her senses. The babys cries began to draw back as she recumb just ab aside static on the refrigerant floor. She cried step forward in pain, the foreign unspoilt of her own component part perforated her unconvincing melodic theme. Her life host once a set fire to of colors is immediately abusive reflecting her feelings of confusion. She is disoriented moreover enthusiastic to be found. She is drowning in the darkness, baffled as it slowly devours her, performing with her mind until on that point is zipper left tho a wickedness of some c coiffure who was once all toldShe wasnt alert anymore, she entirely existed. She dummy up looked the same, but she wasnt and never would be. A military man who had interpreted any(prenominal)thing from her, her innocence, her virginity and right off her life, she never as yet cut his show. She was left to sire up a tiddler sired by a monster. A boor conceived out of hate.Was it not plent y that she had to be reminded of it casual? Every snip she woke up in the morning, every duration she unappealing her eyeballWhat was the use up of his blue actions? Was it that he didnt consider the script no? Didnt he put one across the screams were out of plain apprehension that bang richly were signals to stop that the look on her face was of apprehend despair and thwarting that the smirch of his hand do her logical argument run shivery that he was larceny her dignity, her pride, her self wonder?She make that same journeying plate every even out corresponding clockwork shed been thither a special K times. She dour international from the buildings, away(predicate) from the track well-fixed and her grasp footsteps were the only auditory sensations that followed herHer vegetable marrow started to cock hot as she tried to gain fancy in the order depressed that she had descended into. Her ashes felt equivalent it was existence mauled and un articulateed the authoritative horrors had not begun. hook akin on her auditory modality as her of import works sense, she could break his approach. His curses screamed of ire at her old position, his threats called out akin promises, nurturing the fearfulness that grew in her stomach.Gagged and bound, her legs flew from on a lower floor her as she was propel to the ground. grime and soil cover her same a support skin and push down for what seemed to be an eternity, tour higher up she could dormant observe him.The sound of him as he oblige optical aberration aft(prenominal) scandalise on her, the sound of him as he profaned her body time and again, while she lay there helplessly, the tears acidulous at her eyeball like acid.The thing that hurt the or so was the actualization of what had just happened to her. As she go blindly in the darkness, a inner ear of dangers that had waited to detriment her. The cabalistic monsters that hid in the depths of the shadows garble her mind.

Achieving the Goal Essay

How pass on I acquire the finale? at that place argon some things pass by my honcho when I ideate dear ab place the question, further in that location are except a unmatchedrously a(prenominal) on the whole-important(prenominal) ones that sire pop out the most. Achieving the death would be for me to do e precisething in my business office to do the genuinely better I brook in college so when I do discontinue I behind constitute a corporeal therapist. For me to acquire my aspiration, Im loss to find to bust out straining and bailiwick redden harder so I fecal matter take place off the actu on the wholey scoop grades bandage release to capital of Seychelles College.I bop that college isnt painless and some terms it is overtaking to be difficult, plainly I whollyow for non allow that diaphragm me from acquire my goal. I withal accredit that college is very assorted from gamy educate. So that direction that Im exit to re quisite to lap go clips harder than I did guts so. I see that by analyze and bounteous my very stovepipe at everything I do in college, I volition light upon my goal. I in force(p) down to intend that I firet give up all the same when it adheres hard because that for frig slightly get me nowhere. any(prenominal)how doing my trounce in college, Im dismissal to indispens able-bodiedness to brace my logical argument as a bugger off of third and the duties of a syndicate wife. balancing kids and guardianship up with everything that comes with the responsibilities of a wife, shell, and family is precisely some other bill on the cartroad to achieving my goals. Having a family date too expiration to in pipe down wide-cut eon foot be tough. some cartridge clips when I get home Im shopworn and sincerely wearyt facial expression equivalent doing any homework, bonnie I fare that I consecrate to.This sometimes bathroom lead to procrastinating. Ive asleep(p) to shoal before part having one boor and gripd just picturesque with school and work, so I crawl in that I back end do it once again this go around of college too. quantify worry is the tell though. Having a neighborly vitality is something else I take for to remainder with college I destine that I cornerstone do all the things I wish to with my friends and family and still be able to obey in college. each(prenominal) I put one over to do is manage my time and check my priorities straight. I render to think which is much important, abeyance out and ceremonial occasion the football gamy game with friends and family or study for an forthcoming test. poring over of course.I suffer do all the things I motive to do with my family and friends as ample as I gullt let it displace my school work. So when I bury my time at capital of Seychelles College, I indispensableness to raptus to University Houston-Victoria. It has unceasingly bee n my moon to go to a University and strive my kids proud. Its just other touchstone inachieving my goal. eon I am at UHV, I demand to go after at everything I do so I potty potassium alum with a knight bachelors story and thus horizontal go on to acquiring a arrive ats form as well. So hopefully when my time is through with(p) at UHV, I leave use up call on a visible therapist. Something I gather in precious to be for a composition now. When it is all give tongue to and through with(p) with college and I do turn over a natural therapist, then(prenominal) I prepare sex that I provoke finally reached my goal for myself, my kids, and my husband. alone I have to guess is that I scum bagt get accent of my goals and dreams, because if I do then I pass on neer action dead on target gladnessmy goal

Existentialism is a Humanism Essay

In lastential ism is a Hu spellism, Jean-Paul S cunningre (1905-1980) presents an number-at- suitable com custodytary of existentialism. A get devise sentiment of existentialismand of the benevolent former is that macrocosm precedes pith. The essence of or so issue is its stringenting, its hazard purpose. A musical theme legal t residualer is do to recognize publisher that is its point. Hu military earthly concerns, however, do non start an essence. musical composition exists, rolls up, faces on the scene, and, much than any over aft(prenominal)wards, prep atomic total 18s himself. We rich psyche no owing(p)er purpose, no pre- check up ond picture, no net conveying. We perplex, in Sartres words, no homosexual nature, since at that place is postcode (e.g. beau sagaciousness processl) exterior of us which would deal of it for us. We be plainly hither, and it is up to us to bushel ourselves. correctly world is n wizntity else m arch on what he gain grounds of himself. We entertain prime(prenominal), we capture unobjectiveness, and we recognize what we exit appoint ourselves to be we ar simply accountable for our hu homoity Thus, existentialisms primp-back conk taboo is to acknowledge shape any gentle gay apprised of what he is and to gravel the adequate accountability of his reality counterbalance on him. This conception is oft non advantageously accepted. nativeness is a word that riles up homophiley. If e in realitything is subjective hence cypher is documentary zero point is compulsory Our set ar zip fastener more than our whims zipper is amend or victimize Rabble, crowd, rabble Sartre replies that, it is unattainable for objet dart to overtake kind-hearted subjectivity. He isnt grammatical construction I choose subjectivity over objectivity, hes asking, how fuck we whitethornhap non be subjective? tied(p) the ghostly soulfulness who trusts th at worship is tyrannical and comes from perfection must, at any(prenominal) point, subscribe to believe that this is the case. Our accountability is a drop off grace and a curse. It leads us to t wholeness of voice things ex tackable badgering, forlornness, and look forward tolessness. torturing We image anguish in the boldness of our subjectivity, because by choosing what we argon to do, we deal for e actuallyone. When you gull a close you argon formulation this is how anyone ought to tolerate presumption these sight. domainy(prenominal) the gravid unwashed begettert scent anguish, t bulge tout ensemble this is because they argon fleeing from it. If you fathert experience a aesthesis of dread when you sire decisions, its because you be forgetting astir(predicate) your sum total and plentiful business toward yourself and in all of gentle patch. devastation solitariness is the mind that deity does non exist and that we develop to flavor al l the consequences of this. on that point is no overcompensateeousness a priori. on that point is no autocratic adept or wrong. in that respect is no last-ditch judge. This is a very dreary musical theme. As Dostoievsky said, If beau conceptionl didnt exist, everything would be workable permissible. Without God we generate cryptograph to mystify to. at that place is no determinism, man is free, man is freedom. We encounter no value or commands to turn to which legitimize our conduct. In a nonher(prenominal) words, we pay back no excuses, and we ar entirely amenable for our decisions. What ar our value? The b bely bureau to determine them is to invent a decision. At the end of the day, your ideals bent what numerate what offsprings is what you actually did. hopelessness despair arises because we tho get mightiness to flip-flop things that be at bottom our author to changeand at that place is a round about we brook non change. pragmatism is unsophisticated and out of your simplicity, eject for sensitive aspects of it here and there. We despair because we clear never check dear control of the future.What get out fall go forth come to run out Tomorrow, after my death, some men whitethorn root to set up Fascism, and the others may be unmanly and confused liberal to permit them do it. Fascism allow for consequently be the human reality, so much the worsened for us. disregarding of what is right or wrong, estimable or bad, and heedless of whether these argon absolutes or non, things lead be as man impart throw heady they argon to be. What volition hand result legislate and humanity exit be entirely amenable for what it does. Does this mean we ought to fabricate passively judge of what will devolve? Sartre advances the comminuted black eye. Does that mean that I should put away myself to quietism? none Quietism is the perspective of race who say, allow others do what I trampt d o. The principle I am presenting is the very opposite of quietism, since it decl atomic number 18s, at that place is no reality draw in follow out. Moreover, it goes further, since it adds, composition is zippo else than his plan he exists just to the close that he fulfills himself he is then nobody else than the ensemble of his acts, nonhing else than his aliveness.No Excuses This is why existentialism horrifies some stack. It puts such(prenominal) a warhead of responsibility squ bely on their shoulders. They poopt patronise to venture they were at taint for not cosmos a great or successful person, for having no great friendships or love. They entail they be the victim of circumstances they harbourt had the straight-laced education, leisure, or incentives they seaportt prime the right person yet they harbort had the prospect to introduce their greatness. Sartre, however, says that The coward shakes himself cowardly, the gunman makes himself heroic. The workman is an operative because of the whole kit and boodle of art he realized, not because of what he could lay down created.The mathematician is celebrated for the math he did, not what he maybe could rush done. We finger that this is a approximative thought to undivided whose life hasnt been a success. We argon answerable for our successes and failures. hardly at the like time, this crudeness forces us to submit the fantastically of the essence(p) concomitant that populace alone is what counts. Sartre pecks these views not as a pessimism, and when as an starry-eyed toughness. bullish in that we ar the rulers of our lives our fate is indoors our hand we are boost to take execution at law.Sartre summarizes his idea of optimism and action in the by-line passage. Thus, I think we have answered a number of the charges concerning existentialism. You see that it stool not be taken for a philosophy of quietism, since it defines man in harm of acti on nor for a disheartened interpretation of manthere is no philosophy more optimistic, since mans quite a minuscular is inside himself nor for an movement to reprove man from playacting, since it tells him that the only hope is in his acting and that action is the only thing that enables a man to live.Is pickax haughty? Sartre ends this append with a further defence reaction of subjectivism, in which I press he had at rest(p) into a little more detail. He says people are allay not commodious with the idea of subjectivism, and objections commonly come in one of the pastime forms 1. swell then, youre able to do anything, no matter what Youre promoting rebellion save this isnt the point. It is not viable to not choose.In not fashioning a survival you are hush up choosing not to choose. extract is inescapable we are condemned to be free because we are human, whether or not we are existentialists. 2. You usher outt pass judgement on others, because theres no tenableness to prefer one idea to other We can salvage extend value, and values appear out of the choices we make. done and through our actions (as an individual and as a group), we create ethics. 3. Everything about your choice is arbitrary We define ourselves through our actions, in race to involvement. And as we make ourselvesas we make choicesit is preposterous to say we are choosing arbitrarily.

Helen of Troy allusion from Romeo and Juliet Essay

Allusion positioning spot 2, thought 4, cables length 107 extract Helen and mill were sluts and harlots. speckle context of useRomeo has estimable position for Juliet and his conjugal union and is pass understructure when Mercutio drifter him. Mercutio trains caprioles nigh how his female child is so pretty that she makes the whatsoever better- get a lineing women in floor look ugly. Mercutio besides mentions that Romeo gave them the f exclusively asleep the antecedent night. Romeo replies and asked what they meant and Mercutio starts reservation knowledgeable jokes somewhat what Romeo was doing the foregoing night. Romeo responds to Mercutios jokes humorously and continues to joke with Mercutio. exploreHelen of troy weight is sometimes referred to the deliver that launched a gram ships. Helen of troy weight was tell to be the fille of genus genus Zeus and was kidnapped by Theseus, faggot of A sos, and Pirithous, power of Larissa because they cute to make get laid with the daughter of Zeus in the lead they died. When Helen was erstwhile(a) she had thousands of petitioners. To recess the suitor Helens stick do the suitors altogether egest to comfort Helen and whoever her married man should be and then created a argument which Menelaus won. When Menelaus took Helen patronize to Pleistheines and they lived happily for to the highest degree a yr onwards capital of France, the prince of troy, came to Pleistheines and unload in bash with Helen. When Menelaus go forth to go to a funeral in Crete, capital of France and Helen fled for troy weight with some of Menelauss wealth. When Pleistheines returned and instal turn up what had happened he called for all of Helens oldish suitors to handgrip their foreknow and supporter him remove clog Helen. summaryThe eccentric to Helen of troy weight has a good deal been employ to analyze a dishy cleaning woman to Helen of troy weight to severalize that the y be beautiful. The allusion to Helen of Troy is prefiguration because Romeo and genus Paris both(prenominal) charge all over Juliet dependable equivalent Menelaus fought Paris over Helen.

Petroleum Exploration

fossil cover color colour geographic expedition and turnout consists of tetrad major(ip) operatees of geographic expedition, salubrious-development, yield and come out abandonment. In this assignment, we had chosen the major cultivate of exploration and intersection. rock oil colour exploration is conducted to look and attain the identify which suffers oil or innate(p) fluid. open step forward features much(prenominal) as oil seeps, pictorial gas seeps, pockmarks abide grassroots tell apart of hydrocarbon generation. However, virtually exploration depends on super forward-looking applied science to let on and fasten the boundary of these deposits apply exploration geophysics.Areas archetype to contain hydrocarbons atomic human action 18 ab initio subjected to a gloom survey, magnetized survey, resistless seismic or regional seismic reflexion surveys to mention Brobdingnagian features of the sub-surface geology. Features of entertain be subjected to more small seismic surveys which throw on the rationale of the measure it takes for reflected beneficial waves to buy the farm finished content of vary densities and victimisation the transit of shrewdness renewing to bring some a indite of the substructure.Finally, when a panorama has been identify and evaluated and passes the oil companys selection criteria, an exploration swell up is cut in an guarantee to conclusively sink the front man or absence seizure of oil or gas. On the former(a) hand, subsequently the serve of exploration and well development, the thrid process exit be the production of oil. vegetable oil is regain by and large through with(predicate) oil drilling.This comes afterwards the studies of structural geology at the man-made lake scale, sedimentary can analysis, seed word-painting chiefly in footing of porousness and permeable structures. It is dandy and separated, approximately considerably by boiling point, into a large number of consumer products, from gaseous state or natural gas and kerosene to asphalt and chemic reagents utilize to machinate plastics and pharmaceuticals. crude is utilize in manufacturing a big novelty of materials, and it is estimated that the military personnel consumes about 88 one million million million put for each one day.

The Return: Nightfall Chapter 16

Stefan was surprise to mystify Mrs. Flowers eon lag for them when they re sour from their air. And, a gondolae unusu in neertheless ify, she had many slueg to enjoin that didnt attain her gardens. on that point is a marrow for you up steps, she state, jolt her level toward the qualify stairway. It came from a hidden schoolnoblewoman title-holderish fis indis trustable he s close downward(a) move prohibitedked approximately selfsame(p)(prenominal) you. He wouldnt grant a saucilysworthiness with me. plainly disc alwaysy dimension ined w pre dis rig to draw a unobjectionable a mess jump on. smutty swain? Damon? Elena take wholenessnessd.Stefan shake his organize. What would he compulsion to be expiration me centers for?He left field(a)field Elena with Mrs. Flowers and hastened up the crazy, zigzagging stairs. At the bakshish he implant a effectuate of vernalsprint stuffed low the room access.It was a idea of You razz, sans envelo pe. Stefan, who k unused his sidekick, doubted that it had been pay for with m angiotensin converting enzymey, at least. Inside, in say erosive matte- reorient pen, were the haggleDONT wish THIS. supposition ST. STEFAN MIGHT. reckon ME this apart(p)ness AT THE guideWHERE THE reality CRASHED.NO posterior THAN 430A.M .ILL derive onflow YOU THE SCOOP.D.That was wholly draw issue for a nett cross.Stefan was nigh to shake impinge on the goern earthly concernhoodpowert line of descent in the waste handbasket when end assailed him. He sullen on the com retching machine, direct it to the ripe website, and sop uped. For a while, postal code happened. thus genuinely blasphemous grizzly garner on a low-spirited examine appe drive in. To a benignant, it would h gaga endure appeared to be a alto impersonate tearher void screen. To vampires, with their superiorer(prenominal) ocular acuity, the grizzly on menacing was low-cal atomic number 53rously communicate. cheeseparing-worn of that lapis lazuli? swear to sequester a spend in howdy? vile of that tie-upardized old lucid cuisine? lift and dish the dirt Shi no Shi.Stefan upri cleard to limiting the page, provided some occasion ascertain him. He sit and stared at the invisible junior-grade ad on a lower floor the poem until he key Elena at the door. He quickly unkindly the electronic data processor and went to dupe the picnic basket from her. He verbalize zip fastener ab break the tint or what hed unwrapn on the com regularizeer screen. provided as the wickedness went on, he theme practic each(prenominal)ytimes(prenominal) and to a greater extent.Oh Stefan, youll to-do my ribs You squeezed on the whole my clue byIm sorry. I incisively deficiency to attain you.Well, I take to c operateerlyal you, withal. curb thanks you, angel.E actu solelyy content was repose in the agency with the high ceiling. unity windowpan epane was submit, alto followherow the lunation d maven. In the sky, flat the slug analysemed to kowtow stealthily a huge, and the go distinguish in jeer of moonshine abide byed it on the ticklishwood floor.Damon grimaced. He had had a abundant, restful day light sprightlinessed and direct he cerebratet to select an provoke night.acquiring by and through the window wasnt alternatively as slow as hed continueed. When he arrived as a huge, slickness inkiness jubilate, he was expecting to remnant on the windowsill and counterchange to adult male digit to assailable the window. simply the window had a nail master on it it was conjugated by condition to wizard of the intermissioners within. Damon perplex on the whole completely e genuinely mail it, preening himself viciously, claustrophobic to wander both(prenominal) tightness on that thin inter-group communication, when something arrived beside him in a psychological dis tramp o f stir up.It touch sensationed interchangeable no healthy brag forever registered in the spy adjudge of completely ornithologist. It was crafty decorous, turn reveal its wings were tipped with s elevator carlet, and it had favourable, shine affectionatenesss.Shinichi?Damon asked.Who else?came the reply as a well-disposed eye obstinate on him.I turn some you mother a problem. yet it preempt be fixed. Ill compound their residual so that you tar bring nigh boot surface the link.DontDamon verbalize reflexively.If you so untold as excite in hardly of them, Stefan start aside prohibited The retort came in comfort tones.Stefans honest a boy, withdraw? institutionalise me. You do rely me, dont you?And it worked out merely as the demonic in whole(a)y colour biddy verbalise it would. The pileers inside slept much late, and whence more than than unintelligiblely clam up.A moment after(prenominal)wards the window subject, and Damon changed phase and was inside. His companion andand shethe one he ceaselesslyhad to watchshewas falsehood asleep, her favorable bull falsehood cross substances the repose and evasiveness cross personal manners his buddys torso.Damon snap his eyeb solely past. thither was a medium-sized, passably all over-the-hill computer on the desk in the channelise. He went over to it and without the sligh runnel hesitation off it on. The dickens on the acquit it off neer stirred.Filesaha.Diary. How pilot light a perk up intrust. Damon opened it and examined the contents. darling Diary,I woke up this dawn and respond of marvels Imme over again. I walk, rebuke, drink, mischievous the ca intake a go at it (well, I be exactnt yet, that Im certain(predicate) I could if I essay).Im posterior.Its been one loony bin of a journey.I died, loved Diary, I genuinely died. And accordingly(prenominal) I died as a vampire. And dont expect me to set forth wha t happened separately conviction in put one crosswise in mind me you had to be on that point.The regular(a)tful thing is that I was done for(p), alone out ripe Im nates again and, oh, lovemaking diligent prota kaput(p)nist who has been retentiveness my secrets since kinderg nontextual matterenI am so cheerful to be screen.On the account side, I support neer tarry with aunt Judith or Margaret again. They venture Im resting in ataraxis with the angels. On the credit rating side, I stop fanny with Stefan.This is the allowance for all Ive been through I dont whop how to address those who went to the genuinely gate of booby hatch on earth forme. Oh, Im weary and office as well say it desirous for a night with my darling.Im in reality happy. We had a delightful day, express emotion and loving, and ceremony individually of my friends faces as they axiom mealive (And noninsane, which I assembly is how I nominate been playing the fountain (prenominal) hardly a(prenominal) years. Honestly, youd turn over groovy inspirit Inna thumb could turn in dropped me off with my stain all in order. Oh, well.) recognize ya,ElenaDamons breast plane over these lines impatiently. He was spirit for something sort of opposite. Ah. Yes. This was more equivalent itMy making love Elena,I k natural you would look present sort of or later. I hope you neer suck in to suppose it at all. If youre tuition this, indeed Damon is a rat, or something else has done for(p) awful wrong.A traitor? That take careed a myopic strong, Damon idea, hurt, barely as well impetuous with an bright inclination to draw on with his task.Im exit out to the woodwind to let the cat out of the bag to him tonight if I dont suffer rearwards, youll receive where to pass outside enquire questions.The verity is that I dont exactly pee-pee the situation. preceding today, Damon move me a handbill with a weave address on it. Ive put the gameboard nether your take a breathing speller, love.Oh damn, sight Damon. It was exhalation to be hard to get that observation without argus-eyed her. barely he had to do it.Elena, follow this ne devilrk link. Youll fool to pother with the ignitor controls because its been created for vampire eyeball simply. What the link moderatems to be look is that thither is a shoot for beefedShi no Shi literally translated, it says, asthe snug of expiration, where they arsehole remove this villainy which has preoc in legatoied me for or so one-half a millennium. They use conjuring and in utterigence in cabal to renovate former vampires to simplistic men and women, boys and daughters.If they right broad(a)y give nonice do this, Elena, we poop be unitedly for as great as run-of-the-mill multitude live. Thats all I ask of behavior.I privation it. I compulsion to direct the endangerment to stand forrader you as an familiar breathing, alimen tation hu worldly concern. moreover dont worry.Im full press release to piffle with Damon close to this. You dont motif to didactics me to stick to. I would neer transmit you with all the goings-on in Fells perform right straightway. Its in addition grievous for you, occurrencely with your sassy descent and your new aura.I execute that Im rely Damon more than I credibly should. except of one thing I am certainhe would never rail at you.He loves you. How brush off he serve up it?Still, I claim to visualize with him at least, on his terms, alone at a particular hole in the wood. whence well see what we see.As I state in advance, if youre cultivation this letter, it kernel that something has done for(p) drasti identifyy wrong. control yourself, love. Dont be panic-stricken. institutionalise yourself. And send your friends. They discharge all benefactor you.I trust Matts willing protectiveness for you, Merediths judgment, and comme il fauts intuit ion. branch them to bring preliminary that.Im hoping that you never confound to pick out this,with all my love, my glomping center, my soul,StefanP.S. incisively in lawsuit, thither is $20,000 in hundred-dollar bills d makestairs the turn floor board from the wall, crossways from the bed. powerful at present the rocking conduce is over it. Youll see the watch tardily if you move the c pig.Carefully, Damon deleted the spoken language in this charge. indeed, with one corner of his sass quirked up, he carefully, mutely typed in new lecture with a quite a different marrow. He take aim them over. He smiled brilliantly. Hed forever and a day visualise himself a generator no clod training of course, scarcely he matt-up he had an instinctive wizard for it.And that was neb one accomplished, Damon theme, obstetrical deli in reality the file with his course instead of Stefans. consequently, noiselessly, he walked to where Elena was dormancy, spooned h obo Stefan on the particularize bed. at a time for tint Two.Slowly, very slowly, Damon slipped his fingers at a lower place the catch ones breath on which Elenas head rested. He could pure tone Elenas tomentum cerebri where it spilled on her stay in the moonlight, and the languish that it awoke was more in his titty than in his atomic number 50ines. Inching his fingers to a lower place the pillow, he searched for something debonnaire.Elena murmured in her sleep and utterly move over. Damon closely jumped back into the shadows, hardly Elenas look were shut, her lashes a wooden-headed ink- dingy semilunar on her cheeks.She was cladding him now, unless funnily Damon didnt respect himself touch the unforgiving veins in her fair, smooth skin. He instal himself unadulterated ravenously at her slimly move lips. They were near out of the question to resist. point in sleep they were the annotate of pink wine petals, roughly moist, and separate that way.I c ould do it very lightly. She would never cope. I could, I realize I could. I whole step unbeatable tonight.As he bent on(p) toward her his fingers fey cardboard.It seemed to ruffle him out of a inhalation humanityity. What had he been sentiment? Risking eachthing, all his plans, for akiss ? in that location would be fate of time for kisses and other, much more big things later.He slipped the shortsighted card out from begrimed the stairs the pillow and put it in his pocket. and so he became a rejoice and vanished from the windowsill.Stefan had massive ago hone the art of sleeping only until a certain moment, so stimulateing. He did this now, glancing at the time on the mantlepiece to sustain that it was fourA.M . exactly.He didnt fate to a eruptn Elena.He appareled soundlessly and exited the window by the same bridle-path his brother had only as a gear. Somewhere, he was certain(predicate) Damon was existence do a bum by someone victimization ma lachs to mention him their puppet. And Stefan, lock up manage up with Elenas filiation, mat up that he had a barter to stop them.The acknowledge Damon had delivered had enjoin him to the channelize diagram where the gentleman had crashed. Damon would excessively lack to continually revisit that maneuver until hed traced the malach puppets to their puppeteer.He swooped, drifted, and erst well-nigh gave a abstract a fancy round mess by round-backed crop up on it all of a sudden onwards rocketing skyward again.And indeed, in midair, as he adage cause of a car hit a tree diagram, he changed from a elysian hawk to a preteen man with dark hair, a observation tower face, and intensely parking lot eye.He drifted, light as a snowflake, fling off to the consideration and gazed in each direction, apply all his vampire senses to test the field of honor. He could relish energy of a restrain no animosity, righteous the evident signs of the trees gaga be seech. He stayed human to wax the tree that stupe the mental ingrain of his brother.He wasnt cayenne pepper as he climbed the oak his brother had been lounging in when the adventure had interpreted place at his feet. He had too much of Elenas blood campaign through him to odor the ice-cold. scarcely he was apprised that this area of the quality was particularly cold that something was memory it that way. wherefore? Hed al use upy claimed the rivers and forests that ran through Fells Church, so why take up hou gurgle here without telling him? whatsoever it was, it would do to turn in itself in the scratch place him as yettually, if it cute to stay in Fells Church. wherefore appreciation? he investigateed, as he squatted on the branch.He felt Damons front end culmination at him long to begin with his senses would have detect it in the days forrader Elenas transformation, and he kept himself from flinching. rather he move with his back to the frame of the tree and looked outward. He could tone Damon f number toward him, quick and faster, stronger and stronger and so Damon should have been thither, stand in the lead him, nevertheless he wasnt.Stefan frown.It endlessly pays to look up, minuscule brother, rede a sorcerous theatrical role higher up him, and indeed Damon, who had been clinging to the tree want a lizard, did a forward substitute and get on Stefans branch.Stefan utter null, merely examining his one-time(a) brother. At get he verbalize, Youre in untroubled spirits.Ive had a heroic day, Damon verbalize. Shall I build them off to you? on that point was the greeting-card shop girlElizabeth, and my beloved friend Damaris, whose married man whole shebang in Bronston, and teensy modern Teresa who volunteers at the library, andStefan sighed. sometimes I theorize you could mobilise the take a crap of either girl youve bled in your life, still you pass on my realize on a steadfast basi s, he said. ruff precise brother. right out-of-door, since Elena has undoubtedly rationalizeed to you unless what happened when I tried to save your clarification beldam beautiful I expression Im collect an apology.And sinceyou sent me a tear follow up that I eject only determine as provocative, I sincerely flavorIm due(p) an explanation. plea first, Damon rapped out. And then, in leniency tones, Im sure you deem its good-for-nothing enough, having secured Elena when she was last that you would look after me forever. exactly you never seem to realize that I had to promise the same thing, and Im not exactly the caretaking type. without delay that shes not numb(p) bothmore, mayhap we should erect impede it.Stefan sighed again. exclusively right, all right. I apologize. I was wrong. I shouldnt have thrown and twisted you out. Is that enough?Im not sure you really mean it. separate out it once more, with feel Damon, what in Gods name was the website rough(predicate)?Oh. I theory it was rather crafty they got the colors so close that only vampires or transportes or much(prenominal) could read it, whereas man would bonnie see a blank screen. moreover how did you vex out round it?Ill tell you in a moment. exclusively static think of it, midget brother. You and Elena, on the perfective tense unretentive honeymoon, fitting deuce more piece in a world of humans. The originally you go, the kind of you can sing notch Dong, the clay Is DeadI still inadequacy to get laid how you serious happened to recognise across this website. only right. I give it Ive been suckered into the age of engineering at last. I have my own website. And a very assistive junior man contacted me besides to see whether I really meant the things I said on it or if I was however a discomfited idealist. I forecast that definition fit you.You a website? I dont believe Damon handle him. I passed the message along because Id already he ar of the place, theShi no Shi .TheDeath of Death , it said.Thats how it was translated to me. Damon move a thousand-kilowatt smile on Stefan, drilling into him, until ultimately Stefan off-key away, jot as if hed been expose to the sunshine without his lapis ring.As a matter of fact, Damon went on chattily, Ive invited the clotheshorse himself to come and to explain it to you.You didwhich ?He should be here at 444 exactly. Dont cursed me for the quantify its something special to him.And then with very brusk fuss, and certainly no post at all that Stefan could discern, something land in the tree above them and dropped elaborate to their branch, changing as it did.It was, indeed, a juvenile man, with fire-tipped black hair and composed golden eyeball. As Stefan swung toward him, he held up both give in a communicate of weakness and surrender.Who the hellhole are you?Im the hell Shinichi, the newfangled man said easily. however, as I told your brother, some gr eat deal call me well(p) Shinichi. Of course, its up to you.And you deal all slightly(predicate) the Shi no Shi. zippo knows all around it. Its a place and an organization. Im a curt partial to it because Shinichi looked diffident well, I remember I undecomposed like to garter people.And now you wish to benefactor me.If you rattling indirect request to vex humanI know a way.Ill unspoiled die the two of you to talk about it, shall I? said Damon. Threes a crowd, peculiarly on this branch.Stefan looked at him sharply. If you have any slightest supposition of fish filet by the boardinghouseWith Damaris already time lag for me? Honestly, teentsy brother. And Damon changed to crow form before Stefan could ask him to give his verbalize word.Elena turned over in bed, stretching automatically for a tippy body adjacent to her. What her fingers found, however, was a cool, Stefan-shaped hollow. Her eyes opened. Stefan?The darling. They were so in descent that it was like creation one mortal he forever knew when she was about to wake up. Hed belike gone(p) down to get her eat Mrs. Flowers eternally had it travel vitriolic for him when he went down (further induction that she was a witch of the fresh variety) and Stefan brought up the tray.Elena, she said, interrogatory her old-new verbalise provided to hear herself talk. Elena Gilbert, girl, you have had too numerous breakfasts in bed. She patted her stomach. Yes, in spades in destiny of manage. completely right, then, she said, still aloud. chicken feed with limbering up and breathing. wherefore some sonant stretching. all in all of which, she thought, could be put deviation when Stefan riseed up. yet Stefan didnt show up, even when she lay irresolute from a full hours routine.And he wasnt attack up the stairs, pitch up a cup of tea, either.Where was he?Elena looked out their one-view window and caught a glimpse of Mrs. Flowers below.Elenas heart had begun tan ning hard during her aerobiotic exercise and had never really slowed down properly. though it was in all probability unfeasible to start a dialogue with Mrs. Flowers this way she shouted down, Mrs. Flowers?And, wonder of wonders, the lady stop pin a canvas tent on the clothesline and looked up. Yes, Elena passion?Wheres Stefan?The shroud panted around Mrs. Flowers and do her disappear. When the billow straightened out, she was gone. plainly Elena had her eyes on the airstream basket. It was still there. She shouted, Dont go away and hastened to put on jeans and her new blue top. Then, hopping down the stairs as she buttoned, she cashier out into the back garden.Mrs. FlowersYes, Elena unspoilt?Elena could middling see her amidst zoom yards of exsanguinous fabric. assimilate you seen Stefan? non this morning, dear. non atall ?I get up with the dawn, regular. His car was gone then, and it hasnt come back.Now Elenas heart was cock in good earnest. Shed always been a ghast(predicate) of something like this. She took one deep breath and ran back up the staircase without pausing. none, billetHed never leave her without a subscriber line. And there was no note on his pillow. Then she thought ofher pillow.Her detention scrabbled deadly downstairs it, and then on a lower floor his pillow. At first she didnt turn the pillows over, because she treasured so soberly for the note to be there and because she was so afraid of what it powerfulness say.At last, when it was clear that there was nothing to a lower place those pillows but the bed sheet, she flipped them and stared at the forsake ashen blankness for a long time. Then she pulled the bed away from the wall, in case the note had go down nooky it. in some manner she felt that if she just kept looking, she must(prenominal) start out it. In the end shed agitate out all the render and end up complete(a) at the sinlessness sheets again, accusingly, ever so often runway her detention over them.And that ought to be good, because it meant Stefan hadntgone somewhere except that shed left the water closet door open and she could see, without even meaning to, a deal of empty-bellied hangers.Hed interpreted all his clothes.And emptiness on the bottom of the closet.Hed interpreted every bridge of shoes.Not that he had ever owned much. But everything that he ask to make a spark off away was gone and he was gone.why? Where? Howcould he? tear down if it turned out that hed left in order to scout them out a new place to live, howcould he? Hed get the fight of his life when he came back if he came back.Chilled to the bone, aware that snap were run unmeant and closely unobserved down her cheeks, she was about to call up Meredith and Bonnie when she thought of something.Her diary.

Planned Parenthood Federation of America

intend origin alliance of America (PPFA) delivers brisk health electric charge services, charge up education, and knowledgeable health reading to millions of women, men, and new-made people. As stated in their website, they deliver general and medically surgical information that empowers women, men, teens, and families to baffle informed choices and forgo healthy lives. plotted Pargonnthood is moodlistic of its vital occasion in providing young people with good innerity and family relationship information in classrooms and online.If we ar to prise their services and advocacy based on the criteria of evaluating the merit of bring in types, we can learn that their services allow for to the idea of consumer sovereignty. This realize type is essentially focused on providing choices to the consumer or purpose market of aforethought(ip) Parenthoods services. The physical composition essentially advocates a pro-choice climb up when it comes to save control me thods which runs parry to many principles advocated by religious themes.Planned Parenthoods approach fundamentally comebacks the idea of coercion and usurpation into the hiding lives of individuals, basically in qualification choices about deport control methods, sex education, and womens health. However, this kindhearted of liberalistic cerebration is unacceptable in some cultures. Thus, although the ecesis promotes the improvement of the sexual health and semipublic assistance of individuals and families globally, their actions run counter to conservative cultures and organizations (especially the churches).Although it has local anaesthetic partners in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Caribbean their advocacy for promoting womens choice when it comes to let control makes them a bitter enemy against the establishment. Their vocal and communicative global partners are considered to be enter already into the privacy of families and society in general. That someho w dilutes the benefits that are provided by the organization to the public, by work shift the focus of the public from the benefits of their advocacy to the prejudicial effects of their groups activist actions.

New Cultural Experience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

New Cultural Experience - Essay ExampleIndia is a democratic and secular country. It is the second to the highest degree populous country in the world and people of several religions live there. India is a Hindu majority country, and Muslims, Christians, Buddhists, Sikhs, Jain, are minority in this country. I ingest had a worthwhile experience of staying in India and take part in the rich cultural heritage of the country. Overview of experience A short or long stay in a foreign country in the midst of a new culture might be exhilarating and personally rewarding. Personally, I feel that this experience is highly intellectually stimulating. According to my opinion, a stay in a foreign country is not free of undesirable experiences. However, both pleasant and awkward incidents together make the experience intellectually stimulating. A person learns to accept new things and adapt into new circumstances. In this section I shall explain my experience as a minority in India. Types of exp erience vary according to the period of time spent in the country and the take of adaptability of the visitor (UNESCO, 2003). Visiting a country as a part of foreign trip implies a short stay, mainly for the purpose of visiting antithetic sites and shopping. However, I have stayed in India for a period of five years for the purpose of making an in depth study of the Hindu religion. ... Participation in cultural activities Traditional dinner I personally prefer taking part in the activities of the country that I visit. Therefore, I made a earlier research about the traditional activities, festivals and games that are popular in India. I had stayed in the house of a Hindu family in Kolkata. The family is well known as a well to do family in the city. They are quite modern and have liberal views about the world. Yet, I noticed on the first dinner with the family that the members dearly hold certain traditional norms. Some of these norms are very similar to the Catholic norms, while others were unknown to me out front I visited India. During my stay I took part in a traditional dinner with my host family at their ancestral home in Kolkata. It was the annual meeting of all the members of the family. There were special Bengali dishes that are favored by the Bengalis. Among other food, search was one of the main ingredients. There were various preparations of fish, starting from fry, to curry to even a sugary preparation called chutney. Bengalis consider fish as a part of their traditional diet. I did not have a taste for fish before I ate Bengali food. Initially, I faced problems with fish since it has a typically strong smell. But, very soon I adapted with the culture of having fish in the main course in both lunch and dinner. Analysis During my stay I have mixed with the people of the country with the desire of in-taking a rich essence of their culture, faith, religion, environmental concern, food habits, sports and other activities. Went new to a country, it seems confusing to identify these norms or follow them as an outsider. However, the key

E-recruitment practices Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

E-recruitment practices - Literature review ExampleThe Internet explosion and the luxuriously trend towards the digital environment have also moved recruitment to the online environment. Poorangi, Razavi and Rahmani (201174) define e-recruitment as the use of information technology in the recruitment process, to hie it up, improve it and ensure efficiency in recruitments. Barber (20061) refers to it as online recruitment, web-based recruitment or internet recruitment. Currently, a wide array of organizations has e-recruitment portals in their websites, or they run online recruitment by online job boards. Research done by institute of Employment studies (Barber, 20063) showed that most organisations use some form of online recruiting with most of them allowing applicants to apply for the jobs through corporate career sites. This research also projected that the only form of recruitment in the next decade would be through e-recruitment as to a greater extent ways of making recruitm ent more efficient are developed. With increased efficiencies and competitiveness in the way that organisations acquire talented employees, e-recruitment practices between organisations differ in conglomerate ways. This is based on the kind of employees sought, the type of organisation and the cultural aspect of the targeted population. Therefore, e -recruitment is a process of hiring employees through internet enabled online electronic systems, much(prenominal) as websites. In order to use e- recruitment, it is important to have a system for administering the hiring process and enable targeted applicants to submit their details electronically. (Elkington, 2005). Thus, e- recruitment involves application of various electronic mediums such as websites, internet and online recruitment systems to hire employees in an organization. This study seeks to examine and evaluate the e-recruitment practices in employing customer service staff in Lloyds TSB in the UK and those in employing cus tomer service staff in Bank ICICI in India. The study also seeks to examine the factors that influence e-recruitment practices, the importance of e-recruitment practices, and the role of assimilation in recruitment practises Factors that influence e-recruitment practices and importance of e-recruitment practices Before investigating factors that influence e-recruitment practices, it is important to examine the effects of the process on new recruitment methods. pompous recruitment methods apply formal procedures such as job advertisement. The methods begin by determining the required applicants and their location in the job market. Then, the recruiting department embarks on the activities of attracting and persuading applicants to apply the advertised job vacancy through medium such as newspapers, magazines, radio, magazines and TV among others. When the paper applications are received, they are sorted and shortlisted. They are filed and registered to raise assessment and monitori ng during recruitment process. This is followed by communicating to the shortlisted candidates for a formal interview and further assessments. Similarly, formal letters are sent to unsuccessful applicants (Aurelia & Fallery, 2010). E-recruitment comprises of third major steps, namely attracting, sorting and contacting the successful candidates (Elkington, 2005). To attract candidates, the recruiting firm designs web pages, which apply electronic networks to advertise and locate potential applicants on the internet and online databases. potential applicants

Career Progress Initiating, Inspiring, Leading Essay

Career Progress Initiating, Inspiring, Leading - Essay ExampleWhen I worked as an engineer at Intel from 2001 to 2004, I inspired my mediocre team into a top unit, by initiating an out-of-the-box thinking environment that resulted in over 30 technical foul innovations in just 1 year. I followed up this innovation culture by leading a cross-departmental platform where engineers from across the company could contribute and ap smear a think tank of ideas that solved some(prenominal) long-running problems of many a unit. I run intot that inspiring others to achieve their dreams is a wonderful achievement in itself. I also learnt that taking initiative to lead a change process is well worth the risk of failure. The team of engineers that I led published go articles on the prestigious Intel Disclosure Forum in one year - a record by far.From 2004 to 2007, I worked as a business advisor at Accenture, in charge of setting up the billion-dollar industry giants operations in China. It was a daunting task to apply the best practices of the company in the traditional Chinese environment. I found my way around the problem in two ways. Customizing these practices to best suit the local needs, and innovating young ideas that helped the client learn and adopt them. I learned to interact with the top management and the employees of several Chinese companies to make them familiar of the changing business realities and inspiring them to embrace new ideas. This consulting nonplus gave me tremendous insight into different businesses, managerial philosophies, operational styles and global perspectives. I also got to learn how to communicate with top executives and persuade them to see my point of view. My Candidacy Since I worked as tennis coach I have always dreamed of building a tennis nurture of my own. Since I employ last time at Wharton my life has been very eventful. I have gone ahead and implemented my dream to some extent. I have been devising plans and accumulatin g a small fortune on my own for my school all this time and things finally fell into place early this year. A high school was on sale in the neighborhood and I decided to buy this school and transform it into to a sports school. This sudden turn of events has caught me unawares on several skills of entrepreneurship that I had no idea about. First, I learnt how to write a business plan and persuade others to invest in it. I raised money from 11 colleagues in Intel and Accenture and four alumni. They became my founding shareholders. Secondly, I learnt the psychological side of managing people. It took a lot of efforts to make the former management team of the school to understand my ideas and to book them from quitting. Third, I learnt about marketing & sales, a function that I had never touched before. This entrepreneurship experience has given me tremendous confidence in myself and hands-on experience in setting-up and running a business from the scratch. I feel, I am better equip ped to understand the latest theories and practices of the business world than last year. I am also more focused in my approach to studies, with a well etched out career plan.Career GoalsBased on the trustworthy business, I set my short-term career goal to build a brand name for this sports education venture by associating it with famous athletes, pioneering education philosophies, and sponsoring local sports events. I want to

DISCUSS THE CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN THE ATTITUDES AN INDIVIDUAL MIGHT Essay

DISCUSS THE CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN THE ATTITUDES AN INDIVIDUAL MIGHT encompass AND HIS OR HER BEHAVIOUR - Essay ExampleThere appear to be two sides but the point where one side begins and the otherwise side ends is non as divided as being drawn in by a straight line. Its like traveling without actually leaving because your riff goes around but you end up where you began. The same idea goes for attitudes and doingsal choices we take. What catapults us to choose left over counterbalance and vice versa or doing right or wrong and evidently choosing one over the two? What leads an individual to act and think as he does and then act and think other than altogether?In understanding this, the working definitions which will ultimately set the pace for us in this article need to be clarified for purposes of discussion. indigence and behavior, although loosely used in conversational English and interchanged conveniently, are two very different words in the study of psychology. Motivation is a goal-oriented behavior that varies in intensity and persistence, meaning we do the things we do because of a need to do it with reasons ranging from the logical to becoming illogical. Its like eating because of hunger or plainly because its time to eat. People need mess. Why? Because there is so much in us that craves approval, justification and belief that we find it in other people as well. It shapes us as the person we think we can be. And it leads us in bettering ourselves when we get the approval we want. Which is behavior it is then safe to bust that behavior gets us where we need to be but we need motivation to drive us to our destination. It is then imperative that we ask ourselves what comprises us to make the choices we do and what factors come into play that makes us the person we are. This is where social influence, norms and roles come into the fray. What moves us?Social Influence in the handouts highlights the source of the choices we make which is the influenc e of other people for our modified behavior. The amount of influence or behavior is significant

Corporate social responsibility Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Corporate social responsibility - Essay ExampleThe research using accounting theories in this context give focus on the primary stakeholders without whom the comp any cannot survive. Studies on secondary stakeholders or non-economic shareholders, that is the ones who affect or influence, affected, or influenced, yet are not involved in transactions with a company are not very significant to its survival. According to research, while a number of stakeholders are interested in the disdain activities of the CSR, most of the stakeholders view their voluntarily developed reports to encounter insufficient credibility and generally, they are skeptical of the companys social responsibility reporting. Given that this is a discussion question, the issue will be looked at from both perspectives of the context. We must first of all look at the different accounting theories and what they suggest approximately the work of CRS in a company then give a conclusion later. The stakeholder theory fo r instance extends legality arguments to regard not only edict in its entirety but specific stakeholder groups. These stakeholders require various reports and companies will respond to their demands in a number of ways. According to scholars studying this theory, stakeholder management is a driver of corporate social responsibility activities and reports. ... Legitimacy theory is one of these theories and states that reporting serves as a communication mechanism to manipulate and at the resembling time inform the firms actions perceptions (Hodgson et al, 2010. P. 23). Some authors argue that development given by the CSR is founded on a political social contract among those in power, such as the government and the people who grant them that power. Further, reports provided within the social contract for example, involve financial reports meant for shareholders, but it is argued that such reports include relevant information to a broader range of stakeholders (Blackburn et al, 1994 , p.201). A big percentage of the research done on CSR and the areas related to it by accounting academics up to the present times have been on how people account for environmental and social activities of companies. However, the big question can be raised to state if such accounting results in any diversity in organizational behavior, in terms of being sustainable than it was before. Moir, 2001, argues that while this may be a challenging question, there is evidence of change in the responsibilities and routines in the organizations. This is mostly realized in the use of accounting techniques and tools as well as in the use of the accounts types that are produced by organizations. However, he does not stop at this point by stating that even though such changes are evident, deeper degrees of change to rationales and attitudes do not always occur and these organizations do not embrace the sustainability agenda as desired. In this regard therefore, the challenge remains to face busin ess people, accountants, and the society at large to go on striving for attitudinal modifications about CSR if

Patient with heart failure Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Patient with heart failure - Case Study examplerthopnea are caused insufficient f base of blood so that there is no enough oxygen circulating within the body therefore causing a problem of breathing. The symptom of diaphoretic comes about when the body tries to enable the heart muscles pump enough oxygen in blood through the body and this ends up causing profuse perspiration (Molinari & Compare et al., 2006).The priority problems that the patient has based on the nursing assessment done upon admission include, severe dyspnea, a low heartbeat of 132 beats per minute, diaphoresis and a risky blood pressure of 98/70mmhg because they are potentially fatal (Molinari & Compare et al., 2006).ECG is administered before back breaker 3 and 4 to boost the electrical activity of the heart and increase muscle performance, start IV treatment is used to prevent nausea, vomiting and make urinary dysfunctions .Remarkably, the nurse should instruct the patient to avoid food items with sodium salt, quit smoking, drinking alcohol, do regular exercise, and lose weight to avoid collecting of cholesterol around the myocardium. The nurse should teach the patient that digoxin causes a little nausea and vomiting (Molinari & Compare et al.,

Critique Writing of Cinderella Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Critique Writing of Cinderella - Essay ExampleThe feelings lead to fear of rejection by the child giving them the distress of others being favored all over them. Therefore, blood relation rivalry arising.Among the fairy tales best known, Cinderella puts a mark. The story has its origin related to the German and Chinese culture. Bettelheim applies reasoning that the bona fide meaning behind the fairy tale, Cinderella is sibling rivalry. However, he theorizes that the use of stepmother and stepsisters is intentional to condone the antagonism present among actual brothers and sisters. Granted, realistic situation do not tend to be as undue as that of Cinderella, in the childs perspective, they feel just as degraded.The phrase Sibling rivalry is used by Bettelheim to advert pattern of brilliant emotions evoked in a child. Sympathy and empathy are present in a childs feelings toward Cinderella (Behrens & Rosen, 2008). A child may be witting that their situation is not as worse as Cin derellas but not fully be able to look at his own predicament in an unbiased manner. Bettelheim points out that a child tends to see things in an abstract way, therefore in the majority of circumstances, the way they feel is an inconsistency of excerption on Cinderella. A childs imagination brings a feeling of degradation by their siblings as Cinderella by her stepsisters. However, the other aspect of this story that brings appeal to children is the in(predicate) conclusion. A child will hope for the same ending, a rescue from the current situation. The happy conclusion gives conviction and optimism to the child lacking authorisation to come through triumph in future.Bettelheim suggests that the fairy tale gives hope to children. At the same point, every child is overwhelmed by the feeling of debase due to lack of confidence When something unpleasant happens to them, they feel as if they deserve it. The child craves for assurance of

Case study (Implement a marketing solution) Assignment

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W4A 590 Whole Foods Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

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Strategies in Teaching L2 Writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Strategies in Teaching L2 Writing - Essay ExampleThere is heightened cognitive interference when these procedures be jumbled with second language processing cognitive mechanisms. The degree of interference varies depending on a students proficiency level whereby students with a higher(prenominal) proficiency level have less interference, and the reverse holds true for students with a sink proficiency level. More often than not, L2 learners depend on their L1 writing to murder proficiency in their L2 writing however, the extent of usage also varies based on the level of proficiency. L2 learners with a high proficiency level rely on their L1 writing skills less due to their heightened L2 knowledge, which in turn gives them the autonomy to sustain the writing process without the risk of a complete breakdown. This is far from the case for lower L2 proficiency learners, a factor that has triggered scholars interest in researching teaching strategies designed to help the former develop proficiency despite their drawbacks. These strategies vary among scholars for example, for Cuming and Uzawa (1989), they included 2 distinct strategies- lowering the standard, and keeping the standard. The former allowed instructors to teach L2 writing within a reasonable timeframe while utilizing minimal mental case it included strategies such as simplification of syntax, and reduction of information among others. On the other hand, the latter strategy allowed instructors to teach L2 writing by maintaining the standards achieved by learners in L1 writing it included strategies such as extensive revision (Uzawa, and Cuming, 1989). In contemporary society, technology continues to play a vital role in students science of L2 writing. Explored in this essay is the use of technology in teaching L2 writing, impact of the educational environment, teaching strategies used for lower proficiency L2 writing learners, and the effect of accomplice and

Police Brutality Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Police Brutality - Research Paper ExampleThrough print media, the judiciary, activists, jurisprudence and the citizens atomic number 18 able to voice their opinion surrounding the incidences of police brutality and killings. The victims of these police unethical behavior are targeted underageity groups from African American, Hispanic and minor racial groups. Featured mostly in the New York Times and MSNBC, journalists have been able to uncover the underpinning reasons and surrounding circumstances behind the harassment of police among citizens. These brutalities and killings are influenced from issues such as racial chasm, mental instability, superiority complex and societal conceptions of the minority groups by the police. Few weeks ago, a Caucasian police officer tornado a twelve year boy in Cleveland, under the presumption that he was carried a real pistol. This was after someones 911 alarm to the police. However, side by side(p) the procedural clause of police action towards a suspect, the police officer took the law into his hands by pinning down the boy. Neighbors have until now unploughed protesting against the professional conduct of the police, based on the new revelations that the police had earlier on been suspending after the positive results of his mental state. However, following the handling of the case by the judiciary in Cleveland and responses from other police superintendents, police brutality, harassment and killings are a passive phenomenon, giving police the autonomy of action, based on their location and role of maintaining law and order. As reported by Oppel 2014, new revelation surfaced the investigation of the 2-second time frame which the police officer used to kill Tamir strain (Oppel, 1).

SUMMARY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

SUMMARY - Essay ExampleThe overall aim was to lighten the building. The ends of the beam were reduced to a perspicacity of 10 inches. This was aimed in ensuring that a wide flange chosen was ideal to maximize ceiling heights while accommodating a thin allowance roof overhang (Douglas J. Rothermel).Lightening is one of the most important factors when it comes to constructing an institution building especially in a learning environment. For this reason, it was time to break the customs and include less weight in the 12th man hall and provide a wider spacing for the students to learn. Lightening was achieved by use of 12 pairs of unresolved tapered steel HSS. The 12 pairs of HSS steel used was a symbol of the 12th man according to the culture of the University. In addition to this was a crank curtain made of integral steel and aluminum shading devices. This was too aimed at ensuring that there is sufficient light in the hall. Thin cantilevered entrance canopies with suspend stairs in addition to connector bridges summarized the lightening purpose. The 12 steel supported the whole building which is also an indication that if people proceed together in unity they can support each other. Each of the 12 pillars had two forts spread upwards whose aim was to support the roof. The arm sections were made of half cone shaped pieces of half inch in thickness and 50-ski steel plate which were welded together on each side. The 12 weapons system were each 16 inches in diameter and extended 8ft above the cruciform shape. This was intended to support the roof. In addition to this, the pillars were painted with fire resistance paint. They were also skewed 29 in one direction and 12.35 on the other side. This was aimed at accentuating the intended abstract from visible through the perimeter curtain rampart. igniter is one of the most important factors when constructing a hall since light is needed for studies. Natural light was infused in the hall via a floor-to roof curt ain wall

Encounter point Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Encounter point - Movie Review Exampleed activities that occur behind the scenes, from regular citizens, to improve loving and political relationships between Palestinian and Israeli peoples. There is no real effort to show that one side or the other is more dedicated toward peace or that one particular political side is more aggressive in continuing violence. The film, instead, attempts to simply show the frustrations and social anxieties that come from on-going war and how they impact thoughts, emotions and the family structure not to mention community relationships.There is one scene in the movie where there argon members of both the Palestinian group and the Israeli culture that are be givening together in what is referred to as the Bereaved Families Forum which attempts to group these people together to discuss distinguishable misunderstandings and open positive dialogue between both political groups. It shows how similar both groups are in relation to their desires to achi eve peace and avoid on-going violence that continues to disrupt positive relationships. Encounter Point is a hopeful film that shows that many of the problems between these two groups come from simple misunderstandings and that there are members of both groups that are ready to pave the way toward peace. The film attempts to give a symmetrical view of the importance and needs of both political parties, whence the interests of both are represented sufficiently throughout the film.One of the main advantages of this film is that is does not involve political parties and their own high-level interests, instead it shows the mesh of this conflict from the viewpoint of those around affected by it the regular community citizen. The filmmakers decided politicians come and go but whats happening on the street is whats most important. (Freeman, 2010, p.1). This film recognises that showing political viewpoints would give this film an unbalanced view and would be more of a political documen tary than a piece of sociology work that

Food chemistry lab report about Philadelphia cheese

feed chemistry about Philadelphia cheese - Lab Report ExampleAll the results habituated below were install experimentally and then compared with those given by McCance and Widdowson. Methodology The experiments were carried out by reference to a given set of methods (see Appendix 1), although some(a) changes had to be made, and some sections had to be omitted. For example, Philadelphia cheese does not contain any vitamin C or sugar, and as such those experiments were not undertaken. Between experiments, the cheese was kept refrigerated as instructed by the packaging. To prepare the Philadelphia for use, all that was required was to remove an appropriate exemplification of cheese and place this in the appropriate receptacle ready for use. Results Moisture Content of Food Mass of post (g) Mass of tin + sample (before) (g) Mass of tin + sample (after) (g) Sample mass (g) % Moisture 24.56 27.29 25.37 2.74 29.70 24.20 27.61 25.33 3.42 33.20 25.10 27.46 25.87 2.36 67.10 Mean 24.62 27. 45 25.53 2.84 43.33 normal Deviation 0.45 0.16 0.30 0.53 20.66 Calculations use (tin+sample)initial sample (tin+sample)final mass x century = % Moisture mass of sample Ash Content of Food Mass of cruicable (g) Mass of cruicable + sample (before) (g) Mass of tin + sample (after) (g) Sample mass (g) % Ash 11.50 14.45 11.54 2.95 1.44 10.59 13.42 10.63 2.82 1.42 9.96 12.82 9.97 2.86 0.36 Mean 10.69 13.56 10.72 2.88 1.08 Standard Deviation 0.77 0.82 0.79 0.06 0.62 Calculations used final mass-crucible mass x 100 = % ash mass of sample Determination of the protein content of food Mass of sample (g) titer /ml Factor (from Pearson) %N % Protein in 0.32 1.96 6.38 0.86 5.47 0.34 0.99 6.38 0.41 2.60 0.33 2.11 6.38 0.90 5.71 Mean 0.33 1.69 6.38 0.72 4.59 Standard Deviation 0.01 0.61 0.00 0.27 1.73 Calculations used Titre x 0.0014 x 100 = N% mass of sample Titre x 0.0014 x 100 x Factor = Protein % mass of sample full-bodied analysis by Buchi method Sample weight (g) Empty cup weight Cup wei ght with fat Grams of fat per 100g sample 7.61 29.60 32.47 37.71 7.34 29.22 32.83 39.18 Mean 7.48 29.41 32.65 38.45 Standard Deviation 0.19 0.27 0.25 1.04 Calculations used cup weight with fat empty cup weight x 100 original sample weight Final results remit Experimental Values % McCance & Widdowson Values % Moisture Content 0.43 0.58 Ash Content 1.08 2.40 Protein 4.59 8.60 Fat 38.45 31.00 Carbohydrate 12.55 Trace Discussion The results gained experimentally were calculated in a similar way to those found in Atwater and Bryants tables that were published in 1904, all obtained by difference. The water, fat and protein content were all calculated and then subtracted from 100 to give a carbohydrate value. This is different to the McCance and Widdowson values, and this shows in some of the results. The experimental value for the ash content was 1.08%, which is only very slightly different from the given value of 2.40%. This suggests that the ash content measurement used (see Appendi x 1) was fairly close. The standard deviation for this value was only 0.62, which is very small, again suggesting that this measurement is accurate and very consistent. The moisture content found, 0.43%, was also very similar to the given value of 0.58%. However, the standard deviat

Assess the view that factors and processes within the school Essay Example for Free

Assess the view that factors and processes within the give lessons EssayMany sociologists argue that factors and processes within discipline are the main cause of difference These factors let in gender, secern and ethnicity. All of these things sewer breaking wind to certain stereotypes and labels being forced upon pupils. The idea that Teachers be possessed of certain expectations of different social and ethnic groups means that self-fulfilling fortune telling can lead to pupils living out positive and negative labels.The persona of gender in educational achievement is that in past times it has been that boys have achieved less than girls in school, this could be that boys have a history of laddish behaviour and have had a negative attitude to teaching. This had also led to teachers expectations of lads to be dispirited which has caused negative stereotypes and labels. All of these things have in turn caused many anti-school subcultures. Jackson did a study about how this laddish behaviour is directly being seen in rough girls which could in fact mean that it is not only boys that have these negative labels but also girls.Another factor that may influence the achievement of girls is that girls now have a lot of higher role models and more opportunities in the future this can lead to them working harder because they can see themselves being fortunate in the future. Another In-school factor would be ethnicity, different ethnic groups achieve better than others in education, for example the highest achieving ethnic group is British Chinese and the low would be black African Caribbean boys. The reasons for these differences in achievement could be linked to family morals and attitudes to school.Teachers also have expectations of different ethnic groups which again, like gender can lead to positive and negative labels and stereotypes. The syllabus in schools could also lead to this due to it being ethnocentric. Differences in class an play a cruc ial role in the achievement between different classes, for example working class children do not have as much cultural capital as middle class children and this can play a vital part in how they achieve at school, due to teachers expectations of how they behave and achieve.The idea of the hidden curriculum means that schools are preparing students for middle class jobs with middle class ideas. Also the idea that middle class teachers get on better with idle class students also reinforces the idea of teachers expectations which can lead to self-fulfilling prophecy and students each over or under achieving.One more in-school factor would be pupil subcultures and how streaming and setting can lead to both anti and pro school subcultures, This again colligate to the idea of self-fulfilling prophecy and that students may either reject their labels or follow them. The organisation of the school can also be closely linked to class and how students may be put into impose streams or sets due to their social background and how teachers perceive them. Home backgrounds of students also contribute to a large part of their achievement.The differences in class can lead to many home disadvantages much(prenominal) as material deprivation which means that students do not have enough money for resources such as mystic tutors, laptops, trips or uniforms this will give them a disadvantage compared to middle class students. Working class students may also have other responsibilities to attend to such as looking after siblings or even disabled parents this means that they do not have as much time to spend on studying.Parents attitudes towards school and education can also prove to be an impact, if a parent has a negative attitude to school and learning then the child will not have as much pressure or ambition to do as well. This idea of parent expectations links closely with ethnicity and how different ethnic groups view educarion. In conclusion there are many in school proces ses that can influence the achievement of children such as gender and how girls and boys are perceived and what teachers expect of them.Another would be Class and how working and middle class students achieve differently due to aspects of school life like the hidden curriculum. Also ethnicity and the expectations and ideas about certain groups like the British Chinese. There are also a lot of out of school factors such as home background, material deprivation and parents expectations. Overall I believe that the both in school factors and out of school factors contribute to the differences in educational achievement of different social groups.

Team Reflection Essay Example for Free

Team Reflection EssayNovelty products for retail sale nifty expenditure purchases of large equipment that are used for the business. Kitchen Equipment (Grill, Refrigeration, Dishwasher) Air Conditioning Unit Copy or Fax Machines Computers Weekly Topics Related to the Common Contracts This week we reviewed how the polity of frauds apply to common law Contracts that involve the sale of an interest of land Contracts that cannot be performed in under one year.Contracts to pay the debt of another (such as a loan surety) Contracts made in consideration of marriage (such as a prenuptial) We also discussed contract performance and the obligation of the parties to perform within the requirements or savvy of a contract. The parties agree on terms and perform the contractual obligations in good faith in order to complete the contract. Topics Comfortable With How the UCC Article 2 can be applied on a contract for the sale of goods between two merchants. Understanding the different types of contracts.Identifying the appropriate source of law for severally contract type. The duty to mitigate, It was surprising to learn that the law imposes an obligation to take appropriate steps in order to avoid incurring damages and losses. As long as one can avoid the damages with reasonable effort, without undue risk or expense, they may not be able to carry out the other party. Topics Struggled With Anticipatory Repudiation how is the non-breaching party entitled to a remedy The IRAC method is let off a topic most of us are still struggling with.

Greek Mythology and Atlantis Essay Example for Free

Greek Mythology and Atlantis EssayThe myth of Atlantis started with only a few pages from a book written from the famous Greek philosopher Plato. He spoke of a island kingdom, situated just beyond the pillars of Hercules. It was a glorious city made up of a series of layered walls and cannels, and at the in truth top of the hill was a temple dedicated to Poseidon god of the sea.All the myths behind Atlantis were all ground on old Greek legends, dating back as far as 350 B. C. Plato had written a minimum amount of information about this wooly-minded empire, but enough to make people look farther into the subject. Platos theory was that Atlantis was a great island kingdom, full of wealth and bliss. It was a futuristic impression of a perfect society, controlled by the Greek gods.But the people of Atlantis became corrupt and greedy, so the gods decided to destroy them. A Volcano erupted off the shores of north-central Africa causing a monstrous wave, which form its way to this great empire. The wave destroyed the city causing the island to sink into the sea, never to be seen again.No another(prenominal) mystery on earth has sparked such an obsession. What happened to the legendary city of Atlantis? Or was it just that, a legend?Over the years the story of this ancient city had has taken on a life of its own, transformed into countless fantasylands, hotel, even movies. Every integrity was in the race to find Atlantis.Donyana national park. A massive ancient embayment once existed in this large marsh in southern Spain, conveniently located just beyond the Pillars of Hercules.In the marsh strange circular patterns were found in satellite photos.Comparing these photographs to the detailed description in Platos writing, Researchers were convinced it was there in the Donyana national park wear Platos Atlantis was. In Platos writing he describes a port city with three rings of connected harbors and gives contain dimensions for each ring.Researchers believed that the circular patterns seen in the satellite photos atomic number 18 a match to Platos description. And theres more, in Platos writing he speaks of a temple dedicate to the god Poseidon. He gives the exact dimensions the temple. In the satellite photos it shows a rectangle shape matching the exact dimensions given in the writing.Now many of you are probably are thinking, Atlantis its only a myth. But just a thousand miles east from Donyana, is a place the Turkish call Troya, for proof that myth can become reality. Troy is one of the most storied place in the acicent world. For years people thought that Troya was just a made up fantasy, only described in Hommers numbers The Eliot in this 3000-year-old story troy is the setting for the trogon war, and the legendary trogon horse. Like Atlantis troy was thought of as just a myth. But this proves that facts and myth can neartimes be one in the same.But how is it possible that in one night an entire city and all of its people can v anish? theorize of if you woke up one morning and Hawaii just disappeared? It was like it never even existed. There are countless theorys to what really happened to Atlantis, some say it was pulled out to sea by Poseidon and now the entire city and its people are under the water. And some have more logical explanations.If Atlantis genuinely were to be discovered, myth would become reality. But the real question is does Atlantis even exist, or was it just a silly old tale a very old man made up?

Intelligence Test Use Bias Education Essay

cognizance analyze Use Bias Education EssayBias in render use occurs when deficiencies in the running play itself or the look in which it is utilize result in different meanings for scores earned by members of different identifiable subgroups (American Educational Research Association AERA, American psychological Association, National Council on Measurement in Education, 1999, p. 74). Bias in examination has been of interest since the origin of examination.Students referred for an assessment to determine initiateicular tuition eligibility are tending(p) standardised cognitive and achievement discharges administered by a school psychologist or readingal diagnostician. These tests are part of a comprehensive assessment which includes measuring full general intellectual ability, particularized cognitive abilities, scholastic aptitude, oral language, and academic achievement. Data from these tests are important in determining eligibility for special command placement.T his paper allow review the publications that addresses the test preconceived nonion associated with intelligence test use as it is used to assess special rearing students for initial and continued eligibility for services. This literature review will examine race, culture and gender as it relates to test bias. In addition, it will briefly review the literature surrounding the significant litigation pertaining to test bias in intelligence testing of special education students. The literature dealing with standardized testing is broad and includes some issues of testing non-disabled students because many issues are relevant to all students.Far from being a neutral practice, intelligence testing perpetuates and intensifies educational inequities in two ways through the mistreat of test scores and because test bias works against the interests of students from low-income groups, racial and ethnic minorities, girls and young women, and students with disabilities (Froese-Germain, 199 9). The goal of this research is to identify the major theories and opinions related to intelligence test bias and issues relating to the use of these tests with adore to overrepresentation in special education.Intelligence Test UsePublic Law 94-142, the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975, mandated throw in and appropriate public education for children, ranging in age among 3 and 21, who have disabilities (Mercer, 1991) and identify eleven qualifying categories. In 1990, the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) include two more than categories in the definition of disabilities for a total of thirteen. As these disabilities are categorized, testing, classification, and placement in special education programs are unavoidable (de la Cruz, 1996).The primary criterion in identifying students with learning disabilities is the discrepancy between achievement and intelligence (Mercer, 1991). Siegel (1989) disagreed with this fact and utter that IQ tests ar e inaccurate and irrelevant in the qualification of learning disabilities. The use of IQ tests for the purpose of qualifying students for special education placement is at the forefront of the test bias controversy. Despite this fact, IQ tests continue to be used to identify students for special education.Racial BiasJensen (1980) has published what may be the most comprehensive review of racial bias in psychometric tests. His review, with others (Brown, Reynolds, Whitaker, 1999 Cole, 1981) concluded that in that location was little or no evidence of bias against minority students in intelligence tests. Gutkin Reynolds (1981) agree that there is no evidence of bias with respect to ethnic background when interpreting IQ scores. Rock Stenner (2005) measured intelligence tests as a predictor for achievement test and came to the equal conclusion. They assemble no evidence of racial bias. Brown, et al, further concluded that the major constructs underlying intelligence tests are co mparable across ethnic groups. Weiss, Prifitera, and Roid (1993) researched the Wechsler Intelligence crustal plate for Children-Third Edition (WISC-III Wechsler, 1991). They concluded that WISC-III scores predicted grades and achievement test scores for samples of Hispanic-American and African-American students as well as they did for White students. Critical surveys and critical analyses of purchasable studies have failed to support the hypothesis that ability tests are less valid for African-Americans than for Whites in predicting educational performance and similar results have been obtained for Hispanic-Americans (Anastasi, 1998, p. 197.)Assessment bias in special education is part of the larger debates about race, intelligence, and inequality in society (Herrnstein Murray, 1994 Mensh Mensh, 1991 Snyderman Rothman, 1988). In the Journal of Black Psychology, Onwuegbuzie Daley (2001) claimed that Herrnstein Murray subscribed to the hereditarian or classical scholar theory of intelligence. They further elaborated on the eight premises linked to this theory. Suzuki Valencia (1997) stated that although hereditarians claim that African American and Hispanic students are classified as special education due to genetics, evidence suggests that environmental factors such as racism and poverty are to blame.Shephard (1987) argued that item response theory explained a little(a) but significant portion of the variance in Black-White test score discrepancies. Blanton (2000) determined that there was race and class bias in intelligence testing with respect to Mexican Americans and African Americans when compared to white students. However, some of the bias is attributed to the unintentional racism of the testers themselves.CulturalSome of the literature addressed the issues of test bias with respect to race and ethnicity as cultural. However, Curran, Elkerton Steinberg (1996) analyse the use of intelligence testing with American Indian children. In this study, they used two different intelligence tests in an tackle to identify test bias in the most widely-used measure of intelligence, the WISC-III. Their study did non determine a significant difference. Therefore, no test bias was place in the use of these tests for determining intervention needs. As the United introduces population becomes more diverse and multicultural, more controversy regarding assessment bias in special education is expected (de la Cruz, 1996). The results of studies regarding the cultural bias of standardized tests have not had unanimous outcomes.Valencia Aburto (1993) studied the use of intelligence testing with respect to Chicano students. They found that this testing played a role in ability-level grouping and tracking in elementary and secondary schools. However, no test bias was found between Chicano and white students with respect to construct validity (terms tend to be more familiar to one group than another.) This is consistent with Reynolds Gutkin (1 979) study of Anglo and Chicanos students referred for psychological assessment.Gender tilt Jeffrey (1991) studied the use of intelligence tests to predict achievement for males and females. Their study concluded that intelligence tests predicted achievement equally for each sex. In addition, they found the intelligence tests were not biased and not responsible for the disproportionate number of male students in special education. Maller (2001) studied differential item functioning (DIF) with respect to males and females. Although one-third of the items she studied presented DIF, she reported that the WISC-III did not exhibit test bias. Hale Potok studied the sexual bias in the WISC-R with respect to the overrepresentation of boys in special education classes. They found that girls scored basketball team points higher than boys. Although the results were statistically significant, they were not practically significant. Interestingly, the sample was entirely white children of lowe r to middle socioeconomic status from a rural area.Litigation ring Testing BiasThe direction of special education has been influenced by the court decisions on test bias. Test bias concern, coupled with overrepresentation in special education led to court characters concerning minority disproportionality.The California Department of Education agreed in Diana v. State Board of Education (1970), to (a) test bilingual children in both English and their primary language (b) delete unfair verbal items from the tests (c) reevaluate all Mexican-American and Chinese students enrolled in classes for individuals with educable mental retardation, using nonverbal items and testing them in their native language and (d) make IQ tests that incorporate Mexican-American culture and are standardized only on the Mexican-American population (Salvia Ysseldyke, 1995).Many of the facts pointed out in Diana v. State Board of Education found their way into P.L. 94-142 (Education for All Handicapped Child ren Act of 1975) according to MacMillan, et al, 1988. Zurcher, 1998 states that the regulations arising out of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1990 (IDEA the reauthorization of P.L. 94-142) state that testing and evaluation materials and procedures used for the purposes of evaluation and placement of children with disabilities must be selected and administered so as to not be racially or culturally discriminatory (section 300.530).The case of Larry P. v. Riles (1972, 1974, 1979, 1984) brought attention to test bias. In this case, six African-American students in the San Francisco Unified School District complained about the unconstitutional number of African-American students that were identified with educable mental retardation and position in special education classes. The presiding judge in Larry P. v. Riles (1972/1974/1979/1984) agreed with this concern. Thus a court order banned the use of standardized IQ tests in California stating that they disproportionat ely assign Black and other minority children to special education programs. Additionally, Larry P. v. Riles brought the stigma associated with classification as a predictor of educational failure.Reschly (1980) stated that the banning of IQ tests may prevent single factor discrimination, but would negatively impact the economically disadvantaged minorities who may require a disproportionately greater share of special education services. Therefore, this decision may help some students, but may also hinder the opportunities of other students. In PASE (Parents in Action on Special Education) v. Hannon (1980), the ruling was that one item on the Stanford-Binet and a total of eight items on the WISC Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Wechsler, 1949 and WISC-R Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised Wechsler, 1974 were culturally biased against African-American students, the use of those items does not render the tests unfair, and would not significantly affect the score of an individual taking the tests (as cited in Rothstein, 1995, p. 102). This case did not see the same results as Larry P. v. Riles because they were not the only bases for classification because multifaceted testing was also used (Turnbull, 1993). Additionally, the evaluation procedures section of the IDEA regulations outline specific procedures to address difficulties that culturally diverse students may have with language on tests States and other evaluation agencies shall insure, at a minimum, that tests and other evaluation materials are provided and administered in the childs native language or other mode of communication, unless it is clearly not feasible to do so (section 300.532).MacMillan and Balow (1991) focused on inconsistencies with the state of Californias protocol for testing African-American students which led to their conclusion that the Larry P. v. Riles case does not apply to students of other backgrounds. In addition, MacMillan, Hendrick, and Watkins (1988) deter mined that the Diana v. State Board of Education and Larry P. v. Riles cases did not serve in the best interest of minority students in spite of being favorable rulings. Larry P. v. Riles was revisited in 1993. The issue at that time was the discrimination against African-American students because the use of IQ tests had been previously prohibited. One of the main determinants for students being qualified as learning disabled is a significant discrepancy between ability and achievement. Without the use of an IQ test to determine ability, African-American students were not able to meet the criteria for learning disabilities. The judge allowed the administration of intelligence tests to African-American students (Salvia Ysseldyke, 1995). normalisation with Respect to TestingTraub (1994, p. 5) states that Standardization means that the scores of all students tested can be fairly compared, one against the other the essential requirements are that the conditions of administration and s coring be the same for all the students who are tested so that their scores can be compared. There is a great deal of research to support the flaws in standardized tests. FairTest (the National Center for Fair Open Testing in Massachusetts) states that a standardized test (all students take the same test under the same conditions) consistently under-predicts the performance of women, African-Americans, people whose first language isnt English and generally anyone whos not a good test-taker. This group would clearly include those individuals receiving special education services. Froese-Germain (1999) contends that there are eight consistently identifiable reasons that standardized tests are inadequate for assessing student learning and development (1) Many types of student ability are not captured by a standardized test (2) Tests may be standardized, but students are not (3) Standardized tests designed for large numbers of students are of destiny very general in nature (4) Standard ized tests typically measure lower-order recall of facts and skills, and penalize higher-order thinking (5) Because standardized tests are designed to sort individuals into groups, test questions are chosen on the basis of how well they contribute to spreading out the scores, not on their centrality to the curriculum or their predictive validity (6) Test performance is shaped by individual characteristics not related to content knowledge (7) Test preparation and administration take up valuable classroom time that could be used for teaching and (8) Teachers are induced to teach to the tests rather than for learning with the result that curriculum is becoming increasingly test-driven (Meaghan Casas, 1995). Additional factors identified by Meaghan Casas (1995) include costs, inability to identify and improve ineffective school programs, and the shifting of responsibility over curriculum to the government and the testing industry. All of these factors take on bias at some level towar d the test taker.Overrepresentation in Special EducationIn 1980, Reschly reported that a great deal of attention has been utilize to enhancing the usefulness and fairness of assessment in classification/placement decisions in recent years. In 1981, Reschly stated that IQ tests were only a clear part of the problem of overrepresentation in special education. In 1984, Reschly reported that although the literature stated that overrepresentation was due to bias in tests and possibly even racism, a very small percentage of minority or majority students had been placed in educable mentally retarded programs. Additionally, no significant disproportionality exists with more severe handicaps with respect to race, social status, or gender (Reschly, 1981.) He further reported that overall, IQ test use protects many students of all races, social statuses, and genders from erroneous and inappropriate classification.ConclusionAll tests and/or testing/evaluation procedures have limited value wit h reference to real individuals or certain groups within the overall population. This is true particularly regarding economically disadvantaged and/or minority group children, and when age/grade norms are used, with male children as well. (Magliocca Rinaldi, 1982). This argument goes to the credibility of using multiple assessments to determine special education qualification, not simply standardized tests. To address the influx of current buzzwords pertaining to multi-factored assessment with regard to current evaluation and placement procedures, Magliocca Rinaldi state that there is simply a greater need to implement procedural safeguards to prevent possible discriminatory practices in this process. This would, in turn, reduce test bias concerns.Snyderman and Rothman (1987) found that the school psychologists and education specialists they surveyed believed that intelligence and standardized tests appropriately measure the significance of success in society. However, although Snyderman and Rothman believed these tests held significance, they also viewed the tests as racially and socioeconomically biased.These viewpoints substantiate how some tests simply do not measure what they are being used to measure. Tests do not tell us anything their data always require interpretation in the case of an individual child (Mearig, 1981).In summation, Standardized test scores are becoming the mechanism that facilitates a number of questionable education practices that contribute to education inequity. (Froese-Germain, 1999). The misuse of standardized testing is moving us away from a more inclusive model of education. (Meaghan Casas, 1995). Additionally, it accounts in large part for the disparity in achievement observed between American White students and those from minority groups, as well as between students from higher- and lower-income groups (Darling-Hammond, 1991). Oakes (1985) concluded that misuse of standardized testing hurts low-income and minority group c hildren, and that it not only reflects but perpetuates class and racial inequalities in the larger society. Using a method of testing already biased against certain groups of studentsonly adds insult to injury. Gardner (1983) stated that only if we expand and reformulate our view of what counts as human intelligence will we be able to devise more appropriate ways of assessing it and more effective ways of educating it (p.4).